Flat foot

Flat foot is common, particularly under the age of 3 and most cases are due to loose ligaments and this type is mobile and usually pain free apart from some mild aching. There may be a family history. Surgery is rarely required and most cases are treated by appropriate shoes or insoles. There is a rare type in which the foot is stiff and this often requires surgery.

Read more about Bow leg and Knock knees

Intoeing

Intoeing can occur because of a foot, shin or hip problem. Most cases are due to a twist on the upper femur just below the hip that straightens with growth but maximum correction can take up until age 12.

Read more about Intoeing

When should I seek advice?
If your child has pain, is generally unwell or the problem is asymmetric or seems severe you should consult a specialist. If in doubt get it checked.